So why do lithium-ion batteries use aluminum for the positive end and nickel for the negative end?


1. The use of both for fluid collection is because of their good electrical conductivity, soft texture (perhaps also conducive to bonding), is relatively common and cheap, and the surface of both can form a layer of oxide protective film.


2. Copper/nickel surface oxide layer belongs to semiconductor, electron conduction, oxidation layer is too thick, impedance is large; And aluminum surface oxide layer of alumina is an insulator, the oxide layer can not conduct electricity, but because it is very thin, through the tunnel effect of electronic conductance, if the oxide layer is thick, aluminum foil conductivity is very poor, even insulation. General fluid collection in the use of the best surface cleaning, on the one hand to wash away the oil, but also to remove the thick oxide layer.


3. High positive electrode potential, aluminum thin oxidation layer is very dense, can prevent fluid oxidation. The thin oxide layer of copper/nickel is more loose, in order to prevent its oxidation, and it is difficult for lithium to form lithium embedded alloy with copper/nickel at low potential. However, if the surface of copper/nickel is oxidized in large amounts, lithium will react with copper oxide/nickel at slightly higher potential, and aluminum foil cannot be used as a negative electrode, lithium aluminization will occur at low potential.


4. Fluid collection requires pure composition. The composition of aluminum is not pure, which will lead to the surface film is not dense and point corrosion occurs, more than the destruction of the surface film leads to the production of lithium aluminum alloy.


To sum up, is the battery positive with aluminum, negative nickel pay attention to.
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